I have a MacOS 10.6.8 (Snow Leopard Server) VM running with Parallels 19.0.0 on a MacOS 13.5.1 (Ventura) Mac Pro 2019. If I double-click on an image file (e.g. ".jpg"). It opens in Preview but I get a totally white window. This problem is not new to Parallels 19; I have it for quite some time. Pretty much everything else seems to work fine. Why doesn't Preview work?
What happens if you download GraphicConverter and open the same JPEG in that? (i.e., let's see if it's specific to Preview or has something to do with how the VM displays certain kinds of image data). My own Snow Leopard Server VM doesn't seem to have a JPEG-in-Preview issue for what it's worth. Parallels 13 and 18, don't have 19 to test with.
I understand you are seeing a problem opening certain JPEGs in Preview on your Parallels virtual machine running Snow Leopard. To troubleshoot further, you asked about trying to open one of the problematic JPEGs in Graphic Converter on the virtual machine. Testing the image in a different application like Graphic Converter is a good idea to see if the issue is specifically with Preview or something more system-wide. If the JPEG also displays incorrectly or fails to open in Graphic Converter, then it likely points to a more general display problem with how the virtual machine is handling the JPEG image format.