You're right that this is the first build that requires TPM even in virtual machines. The same is true for the latest Beta Channel build, though it seems like it will only affect you if you update from a pre-22000.xxx build. Cumulative updates still seem to work without TPM.
This is what Microsoft wrote in the blog posts announcing the new builds: „This build includes a change that aligns the enforcement of the Windows 11 system requirements on Virtual Machines (VMs) to be the same as it is for physical PCs. Previously created VMs running Insider Preview builds may not update to the latest preview builds. In Hyper-V, VMs need to be created as a
Generation 2 VM. Running Windows 11 in VMs in other virtualization products from vendors such as VMware and Oracle will continue to work as long as the hardware requirements are met. For more details on the Windows 11 system requirements -
see this blog post here."
The good thing about this is that MS still doesn't seem to enforce an officially supported processor. Having to use TPM is annoying when moving a VM to a new Mac, but otherwise no big deal.
You can't move to the Beta Channel because the Dev Channel builds are higher. There are options, though. You could create a new VM with a 22000.xxx build and join the Beta Channel or you can use the offline enroll script.
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